https://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/article/theories-reading
TRADITIONAL VIEW
DOLE (1991): readers acquire a set of hierarchy ordered sub-skills that build toward comprehension ability
NUNAN (1991): (BOTTOM-UP APPROACH) reading is a matter os decoding graphemes and linking them to the appropriate phonemes to make sense
MCCARTHY (1999): (OUTSIDE-IN APPROACH) meaning exists in the printed page and needs interpreting by the reader
Criticised as being insufficient due to the key focus only being on lexis and text structure.
COGNITIVE VIEW
GOODMAN (1967): (TOP-DOWN APPROACH) reading is a psycholinguistic guessing game and readers make hypotheses which the reject or confirm and the process repeats
RUMELHART (1977): (SCHEMA THEORY) if our schemata are incomplete and do not provide an understanding of the data presented to us then we have problems processing the text
Emphasis is on interaction and construction of concepts.
METACOGNITIVE VIEW
KLEIN (1991): readers utilise strategies:
*identify purpose of text
*identify form/type
*identify general character features of form
*projecting author's purpose
*scanning or reading in detail
*making continuous predictions on what's to come
Thinking about what you're doing whilst reading.
No comments:
Post a Comment